Marine life in Gozo: Nudibranchs

Nudibranchs are cute, colourful little critters that are loved by photographers and marine life enthusiasts around the world. There are over 3000 species of Nudbranch, each with their own flamboyant style.

Flabellina affinis

These vibrant sea slugs are found all over the world, but are most abundant in shallow tropical water. Here in Gozo we are lucky enough to see a few different species: Discodoris atromaculata (Spotted Doris), the beautiful Flabellina affinis and Flabellina pedata, Hypselodoris fontandraui, Hypselodoris valenciennesi, the tiny Elysia timida, Cratena peregrina, Thuridilla hopei and a few other on rare occasions.

Hypselodoris valenciennesi

The name Nudibranch comes from the latin: nudus, meaning naked, and the greek: brankhia, meaning gills. The defining feature of the Nudibranch is that its breathing organs are located on the outer part of its soft body.
They also have 2 horn-like appendages call Rhinophores. These allow them to sense the world around them and look for food as well as other Nudibranchs. Many species are able to retract the Rhinophores to protect themselves if they sense danger.

Discodoris atromaculata

Like many molluscs they are hermaphoradites, meaning they each carry both the male and female reproductive systems. This makes reproduction a lot simpler in an extremely complex environment.

Their vibrant, vivid, bold designs are what captivate marine life enthusiasts all over the world. However, this distinctive colouration is not just for show.

Cratena peregrina

Nudibranchs use their colour to protect themselves from predators and even feed themselves. Each takes its unique colour from whatever they eat.

Some species are poisonous. The toxicity is indicated by the colours and patterns that cover the body. This toxicity warning is so effective that species without poison are also able to protect themselves by simply playing the part, using the colours synonymous with venom to ward off predators.
Protecting themselves in this way is absolutely vital for survival. Nudibranchs lose their shell in the larvae phase, so this is their sole protection.
Although their appearance makes them look cute, but nature can sometimes be ruthless in its fight for survival. Cannibalism is common, with some Nudibranchs not only eating other species but also their own!

Not only do Nudibranch use colour to warn off predators and show their toxicity, but in some cases they are able to feed themselves. Certain species of Nudibranch which feed on algae are able to absorb their food in a certain way which allows them to photosynthesise, as the plant does, in turn creating their own food!

This group of unusual creatures are among the most flamboyant and colourful on earth. Sightings are sure to leave you in awe, no matter how tiny these critters may be.

Thuridilla hopei

Join our team for some great dives this summer and go searching for some spectacular species of Nudibranch in the crystal clear waters around our beautiful island.